Open Space

Three turkey vultures on a light pole.

What is That Turkey Vulture Doing?

Caitlin Dempsey

Curious about turkey vultures overhead? This guide explains their kettling, feeding, and group behaviors seen across the Santa Cruz Mountains.

A bird with a black crested head and dark blue body with wings outstretched on a branch.

Wing-Spreading in Steller’s Jays

Caitlin Dempsey

Wing-spreading is a type of social display by Steller's jays meant to ward off trespassers.

A western meadowlark perched on a blue wooden railing.

MeadowLarks Versus Horned Larks

Caitlin Dempsey

The western meadowlark and horned lark look similar but belong to entirely different bird families and have distinct behaviors, songs, and appearances.

A dark-eyed junco brings a hover fly to a juvenile brown-headed cowbird sitting on a branch.

Interspecific Feeding: Why That Dark-eyed Junco is Raising a Cowbird

Caitlin Dempsey

Dark-eyed juncos raising and feeding brown-headed cowbird juveniles are a common sight.

A western bluebird on a gravelly trail.

Blue Birds in the Santa Cruz Mountains

Caitlin Dempsey

Here are the four bird species in the Santa Cruz Mountains that are predominately blue.

A western fence lizard in the sun with ticks behind the ear. Photo: Caitlin Dempsey.

Western Fence Lizards

Caitlin Dempsey

Western fence lizards are common in Silicon Valley, often seen basking in the sun. Their blue bellies and quick push-ups are signs of territorial display.

Plants That Don’t use Photosynthesis in the Bay Area

Caitlin Dempsey

Some Bay Area plants survive without photosynthesis, relying on host roots or fungi for nutrients—including rare albino redwoods and striped coralroot.

Side by side photos of a great egret (left) and American white pelican (right).

Birds in Flight: Great Egret Versus American White Pelican

Caitlin Dempsey

Learn how to tell the difference between a great egret and an American white pelican in flight by examining their size, beaks, wings, and flight patterns.

A poison oak plant.

Identifying Poison Oak Through the Seasons: A Hiker’s Guide

Caitlin Dempsey

Learn how poison oak changes seasonally, and distinguish it from Himalayan blackberry to hike safely year-round.

How to Tell Scrub Jays from Steller’s Jays

Caitlin Dempsey

Scrub jays or Steller’s jays? Learn how to identify these birds along Silicon Valley’s trails by sight, habitat, and calls.

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